3月 02 2009

In the firing line, again

Published by under 咬文嚼字

在同一期的读者反馈上,《泰晤士报》的Sally Baker说自从上周有读者指出 in the firing line 是指“开火”而不是“被打”之后,又有读者来信说,in the firing line 也可以用来形容“被打”,证据是在《牛津简明英语辞典》上:

The Concise OED definition of ‘in the firing line‘ is: ‘1. The front line of troops in a battle; 2. A position where one is subject to criticism or blame.’

但是显然Sally Baker的字典(Collins English Dictionary)上没有这种说法。《卫报》的“文字规范”(Style guide)显然支持她的观点。原因很简单:他们用的同一本字典。

firing line
the people who do the firing; if they are aiming at you, you are in the line of fire not in the firing line.

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3月 02 2009

None of these

Published by under 咬文嚼字

我其实一直有这个疑惑,在适用 None of these 这样的词组时,后面跟的动词照理应该是单数形式,但是 None of them has this skill 这样的句子看上去不是太顺眼。这个星期六《泰晤士报》的读者反馈上 Sally Baker 对此进行了一番调查发现:

It is a mistake to suppose that the pronoun is singular only and must at all costs be followed by singular verbs or pronouns.

以及:

Use a singular verb where possible but if the notion of plurality is present a plural verb has been optional since the OE period and in some circumstances is desirable. The type ‘none of them have finished their essays’ is better than the clumsy ‘…has finished his or her essay’.

原来 None of these, None of them 这样的词组之后的动词,可以适用单数形式,也可以适用复数形式,取决于上下文。

我又查了《卫报》的“文字规范”(Style guide),同样写道:

none
It is a (very persistent) myth that “none” has to take a singular verb: plural is acceptable and often sounds more natural, eg “none of the current squad are good enough to play in the Premiership”, “none of the issues have been resolved”

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2月 22 2009

In the firing line

Published by under BBC,咬文嚼字

《泰晤士报》负责读者反馈的编辑 Sally Baker 在星期六的专栏中有这么一段:

Allowed a front-page headline “Bankers in the firing line” when, as Robert Colbeck, among others, pointed out: “If you are in the firing line you are the one doing the shooting. If you are being shot at (presumably the image the headline-writer was striving for) you are either under fire or in the line of fire.”

原来我也一直以为 in the firing line 是指“面对炮火”,遭到攻击的意思。经以上这位读者解释,in the firing line 其实是指处于“射击线”上向目标开火。一个是被打,一个个打别人,意义大相径庭。

但是把这个意思搞错的不只《泰晤士报》一家,几个例子:

Forbes.com: Britain’s Bonuses in the Firing Line 说的是银行奖金遭攻击

Daily Mail: Defenc funding in the firing line 说得是国防开支缩减

但在 BBC网站上的新闻标题是用对了这个词组:

BBC: Child soldiers in the firing line 说得是非洲的未成年士兵参战

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2月 19 2009

Daily Quote: Money money money

Published by under Daily Quote

金融风暴中,各种繁复的金融专业词汇满天飞,各种 scheme 、fund 看得人晕头转向。《卫报》上2月13日的一篇文章,用简洁易懂的日常英语介绍了政府救市的多种手段。

Making money cheaper 调低利率,希望贷款利息降低

Lending money to banks 政府借钱给银行,希望银行再借给客户

Giving money to banks 政府向银行注资,希望银行不会垮掉

Insuring against bad loans 政府为坏账提供担保,希望银行摆脱坏账,恢复功能

Spending more money 政府多花钱或少说税,希望个人口袋里钱增多,刺激消费投资

以上各招都不见效的话,就只有最后一招:

Printing more money 政府多印钞票,希望增加市场上货币流通。

The Guardian: The increasingly desperate throws of the dice

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2月 17 2009

Daily Quote: Life is like a female dog

Published by under Daily Quote

记得十多年流行讽刺知识分子,就是现在的“小资”了,常用的段子就是男演员先作扭捏状,然后以一个江浙口音的普通话说“他母亲的!”

所以当看到昨天《卫报》上 Hadley Freeman 的这句话时,我禁不住笑了:

But you know what, Mr Romilly? Life is hard. Sometimes, one can even compare it to a female dog.

Hadley Freeman: Purely Cosmetic

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2月 11 2009

Daily Quote: Scumbag Millionaire

Published by under Daily Quote

小报(Tabloid)以耸人听闻的头版标题闻名,今天《太阳报》(The Sun)在报道昨天下议院财政委员会听证会时(这在小报是少见的),用了 Scumbag Millionaire 这样的大字标题,用来描述英国银行RBS和HBOS的前高管,既迎合公众情绪又可以搭上当前热门电影 Slumdog Millionaire 的班车。不知道什么原因,我今天早晨还在《太阳报》网站看到这个标题党作品,到了晚上却怎么也找不到了。

(2月15日更新)在《卫报》网站上,找到了11日《太阳报》头版的照片:

2009-02-14scumbagmillionaire

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2月 07 2009

How to offend people

Published by under Word by Word

最近BBC接连出现两起“带冒犯性字眼”(offending words),在 Russel Brand/Jonathan Ross事件之后,BBC动作很快,在第一时间就处理的事件。

第一起是 Golliwog ,BBC One 的 The One Show 的主持之一,前首相撒切尔夫人的女儿 Carole Thatcher 在节目的准备间 (green room) 中,用 golliwog 来形容一位参加澳大利亚网球公开赛的球员。在现场人士投诉之后,BBC 要求 Carol Thatcher 正式道歉被拒绝,于是 The One Show 决定不再让她参与节目制作

Golliwog 是一个玩具,一个黑脸、白眼、红唇、爆炸式头发的玩具,最早 Golliwogg 这个角色是由英国儿童作家 Kate Upton 在19世纪末创作,以后以 Golliwog 为名的布玩具开始流行,至今还有得卖。但是 Golliwog 以及其变种 golli 、wog 从二战以来,一直被用作形容黑人,带有侮辱性的歧视含义,虽然许多白人并没有意识到这一称呼的歧视意义。这也许是 Carol Thatcher 不愿道歉的原因。Hannah Pool 在今天的 Guardian 上说得切中要害:

I’m not saying you have to be black to have a point of view on this, but you certainly have to be black to have ever been called a golliwog, so when a white man tells me he doesn’t see what the problem is, well, am I really expected to take him seriously?

一个用词是否有歧视意义,只有接受方才有最终的发言权。这其实与北京奥运前夕,西班牙和阿根廷运动员拍“眯眼照”合影的举动类似。

第二起是 one-eyed Scottish idiot。BBC 的汽车节目 Top Gear 主持 Jeremy Clarkson 在澳大利亚出席宣传活动时,把英国首相布朗成为 one-eyed Scottish idiot,当即引起了皇家失明人士协会和一些苏格兰政客的抗议,在这之后,Jeremy Clarkson 通过 BBC 发表了道歉声明。布朗是苏格兰人,年轻时候在玩橄榄球时受伤导致一只眼睛几乎失明。

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2月 04 2009

Depression

Published by under Word by Word

今天首相布朗在“首相答问时间”(PMQ)上,说了这个 D-word: depression

We should agree, as a world, on a monetary and fiscal stimulus that will take the world out of depression.

虽然英国已经正式进入“衰退”(recession),到目前还没有人用“大萧条”(depression)。什么是 depression,没有明确的定义,但一般用以形容长期的经济衰退、高失业率、和对经济前景的信心低迷。上次的 depression 是美国30年代的大萧条 The Great Depression。

我今天在PMQ现场,但就完全没有听到这个词。但在事后,保守党影子财相 George Osborne 要求首相府澄清布朗对这个词的使用,首相府发言人马上回应说是布朗“说漏嘴了”(a slip of the tongue),布朗想说的是 recession。

对一个 depression 用词的计较,反映了英国对经济前景的担忧。

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1月 31 2009

Daily Quote: British jobs for British people

Published by under Daily Quote

当英国首相布朗在 Davos 大谈贸易保护主义的危险之时,英国的 Total 炼油厂工人正在举行非正式罢工,原因是炼油厂把一些工程外包给意大利和葡萄牙的公司,意大利和葡萄牙人抢了英国工人的饭碗。罢工工人举出的标语上写着 British jobs for British people,是布朗两年前在工党大会上喊出的口号,以示他为英国工人代言的形象。

但 是 British jobs for British people 不仅是保护主义,而且在欧盟内部也是不合法的。人员的自由流动,正是欧盟的重要支柱。正象昨晚 Channel 4 News 所说,正确的说法,应该是 European jobs for European people。

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1月 30 2009

Daily Quote: student politics

Published by under Daily Quote

英国众议院每周三中午有30分钟的 Prime Minister’s Question Time (PMQ – 我过去曾用过“首相提问时间”和“首相答问时间”两种译法,显然后者更好)。现在的趋势,根据一些议会专门报道议会辩论的记者(他们的职业称呼是 sketch writer – 议会写生员),似乎是越来越粗鲁没礼貌。原因是工党首相布朗(Gordon Brown)容易动怒又不会开玩笑骂人,而保守党领袖卡梅伦(Cameron)倒是严辞锋利,但为了避免显得夸夸其谈太轻飘,不得不时时做出激愤状。两人你来我往谁也收不住,有时弄得大家都下不了台,身后的议员们就表现得像是一群看人打架在一边拍手叫好的看客,常常裁判--Common Speaker (众议院主席)不得不介入拉架。所以本周三双方互骂对方 student politics 就显得挺应时:

The Prime Minister tried to be rude in return by accusing Mr Cameron of playing “student politics“, but the Tory leader batted this straight back: “Mr Speaker, only one of us was a student politician and he’s never grown out of it.”

Mr Brown was obsessed by student politics at Edinburgh: Mr Cameron kept out of student politics at Oxford.

Andrew Gimson on Telegraph: Sketch: Gordon Brown feels the pain of creating a brave new world

《泰晤士报》上的 Ann Treneman 则更多地感叹在世界经济危机面前,别人都团结一致,英国的议员们却东奔西散:

Student politics? We should be so lucky. This may even be sub-playground. I have seen pre-schoolers behave better. What is strange is that, in the country, the recession has brought us together. As a people, we are hunkering down, trying to ride it out. But, at Westminster, the recession has driven our politicians farther apart. Now, as surreal as a dream, they are screaming into the wind across an ever-growing abyss.

Ann Treneman on the Times: No end in sight to Gordon Brown’s global nightmare

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